The printing process
Pre-printing refers to the pre-print work, generally refers to photography, design, production, typesetting, and so on;
The process of printing a finished product through a printing press.
Post-printing refers to post-printing work, generally refers to the post-processing of printed matter including cutting, laminating, die-cutting, paste bag, mounting, etc., used for propaganda and packaging.
Printing element
Paper: there are many types of paper, generally divided into coated paper, non-coated paper. Coated paper generally refers to coated paper (copper) and matte paper (matt copper), mostly for color printing; Non-coated paper generally refers to offset paper, newsprint, mostly used for writing paper, envelopes and newspaper printing.
Color: general printed matter is yellow, magenta, green, black four color press, and also printing spot color.
Post-processing: post-processing includes many processes, such as bronzing and convex, which can improve the quality of printed matter.
Classification of printed matter
This is the ultimate product category.
Office: refers to stationery, envelopes, office forms, etc.
Publicity: refers to a series of printed materials related to corporate publicity or product publicity, such as posters, leaflets and product manuals.
Production: refers to the packaging box, adhesive label and other large quantities of products directly related to the production of printed matter.
It is sorted by printing presses.
Offset printing: refers to lithographic printing, often used in four-color paper printing.
Intaglio printing: refers to the use of a gravure (generally referred to as steel) printing, mostly used in plastic printing.
Flexographic printing: refers to the flexible material version (generally referred to as resin, etc.), used in the printing of adhesive.
Screen printing: it can be printed on various materials and used for gift printing.
It is classified by materials.
Paper printing: the most commonly used printing.
Plastic printing: the printing of more packaging bags.
Special materials: printing refers to the printing of glass, metal, wood etc.
The selection of paper includes the selection of varieties, specifications and quality grades, etc., which should not only focus on one aspect but ignore other aspects.
When choosing paper varieties, the selection is mainly based on the characteristics of printed matter and the type of printing press used. The color cover, illustrations or advertisement inserts in printed books can be used for double-sided coated paper or double-coated paper. Single - sided printed materials such as printed labels can be used for single - sided coated paper or single adhesive paper. The printed dictionary, dictionary, manual and other reference books should be used in the selection of dictionary paper or paper. Print general books can choose offset printing paper or relief printing paper. It is also a printed book. If you want to use a web page (except the platform wheel printer) to use on the rotary press, you should use flat paper if you plan to print on the general platform. If printing on the offset printing press should choose offset printing paper, if printing on the letterpress printing press the choice of embossed printing paper.
There are many types of printed matter, which should be selected according to the specific characteristics of various prints.
As for the selection of paper specifications, it is necessary to introduce the paper of the general books and the common folio.
Paper production department according to provisions of national standards for production of paper called the full paper, and the paper cutting or folded into a fully open area is equal to a number of zhang, how much more, a binder, how much is the size. All kinds of specifications, the national standard, so the books printed all over the country, the same size of the same size.
Due to the different sizes of different sizes of paper, although they are all cut into the same number, their size and size are different. After the book is ordered, it is not clear how many books are called. Our country is currently printed with 787*1092 (mm) paper, which is printed in 32 open books, which is called 32 folio. If the paper with 850*1168 (mm) is printed into 32 books, because the paper size is larger than the standard, it is called "big", which is called the big 32 folio.
The choice of the open book is usually determined according to the nature of the book, the number of pages, the reader level, the use condition and so on. There is no hard and fast rule. Books, periodicals, and most of them are cut by a geometric series of 2, so that they can be folded into books when binding. The more common ones are 16, 32 and 64, and the most common ones are 32.
The geometrical progression of the 2 to the beginning of the length direction is also the basic method of direct operation. You can do it in terms of the geometric series of 2, or you can start the knife in the width direction, and that's what's called the horizontal method.
There are very few horizontal openings, just some covers, inserts and special printed paper, which are used in this way.
In order to publish the special needs, sometimes use non-geometric series of deformity, such as 12, 18, 20, 24, 28, 36, etc. Deformity folios cannot use machine folding, cutting is more troublesome, manual should be used when binding, prone to error, so the general books and periodicals, especially the print more books, general rarely used. There are three methods: three, five, seven, and so on.
With the same number of open and open bookbinding books, the size and area of the folio is different from the size of the paper, so you should pay great attention to the specification of the paper when choosing the paper. Generally speaking, more authoritative literature works or celebrity, often with 850 * 1168 (mm) of the large size of paper, general fiction and other ordinary books most of the 787 * 787 (mm) standard gauge ruling paper. In addition, there is an international standard of 880*1230 (mm), which is officially listed in the national standard.
When choosing the specification of paper, in addition to pay attention to the size of paper, choose the appropriate quantity. In order to meet the requirement of printing and use, the paper should be selected as much as possible, which can reduce the cost of the publication.
After the selection of the varieties and specifications of the paper used, the quality grade of paper should be carefully selected. In other words, be familiar with the characteristics and quality of various products of each paper mill, and keep abreast of the changes.
Selected paper variety, specifications, manufacturers and quality grade was determined, also note that it is best to use in the process of publishing a factory at the same time the production of products to print the same book. 3lian material, otherwise, because the paper color of the same breed that different manufacturer produces at different time often has big difference, will make the book that produces "clip core" phenomenon.